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Salva Kiir

South Sudanese rebels and government negotiators were to hold their first face-to-face talks yesterday, after several days of delay, to thrash out a ceasefire deal and end weeks of ethnic fighting in the world’s youngest state. At a ceremonial opening to the talks at a luxury hotel in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, on Saturday, the leaders of the rival delegations hugged, but the faltering start to the negotiations has dampened hopes for a swift end to the violence.

The run-up has been overshadowed by continued clashes between President Salva Kiir’s SPLA government forces and rebels loyal to former vice president Riek Machar centred around the strategically located town of Bor.

The talks will focus on when and how to roll out the ceasefire that both sides have agreed to in principle, though neither has indicated a start date.

The head of the rebel delegation in Addis Ababa, Taban Deng Gai, repeated Machar’s call for the release of several senior politicians allied to Machar and for the state of emergency imposed by Kiir in two states of South Sudan to be lifted.

“We ask for . . . the release of political detainees and . . . free movement and political space for them to join us here,” Gai said at the opening ceremony.

Dina Mufti, spokesman for Ethiopia’s foreign ministry, told Reuters the direct talks were to begin at 1200GMT on Sunday.
Western and regional powers, many of which supported the negotiations that led to South Sudan’s independence from Sudan in 2011, are pressing for a peace deal, fearing the new fighting could slide into civil war and destabilise East Africa.

Clashes have already killed more than 1 000 people, driven 200 000 from their homes and rattled oil markets.
South Sudan announced late last month the release of eight of 11 senior politicians arrested over an alleged coup plot against Kiir but said it would continue to hold three of the most prominent figures – ex-Finance Minister Kosti Manibe, ex-Cabinet Affairs Minister Deng Alor, and the former secretary-general of the SPLM Pagan Amum.  – Reuters.
Machar had demanded the release of all 11 as a condition for negotiations.
A rebel spokesman in northern Unity state told Reuters rebel columns were closing in on South Sudan’s capital Juba, though there was no independent confirmation and the SPLA has regularly dismissed similar reports over the past week.
South Sudan remains one of the continent’s least developed countries for all its crude reserves, estimated by BP to be Sub-Saharan Africa’s third-largest.
The fighting erupted on December 15 in Juba and rapidly spread across the country, which is about the size of France, along ethnic fault lines.
The streets of Juba were quiet on Saturday as rumours swirled around the city of a rebel advance on the capital. Many businesses remained closed.
“Fighting will not resolve these issues. This is political and should be dealt with politically,” said 30-year-old marketing executive Francis Logali.
Kiir is from the country’s Dinka group while Machar is a Nuer. The two tribal groups have fought each other in the past for domination, influence and resources.
Kiir has accused his long-term political rival Machar, whom he sacked in July, of starting the clashes in a bid to seize power and arrested 11 senior political figures he said were involved in the alleged plot.
Machar dismissed the accusation but he has acknowledged leading soldiers battling the government. He has accused Kiir of purging political opponents within the ruling SPLM party ahead of elections next year. – Reuters