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BEIJING. – Under southern China’s scorching sun, marines climb high walls with their bare hands and crawl under barbed wire nets, with referees carefully timing them.

Three squads of Chinese marines won the top three positions among 13 teams from five countries in an obstacle course contest, the first event of the “Seaborne Assault” competition of the International Army Games, held in the southeastern city of Quanzhou Monday.

“Military exchanges like this will enhance and improve our training, management, and education,” said Kong Jun, commander of Marine Corps of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy. “We will try new ways to strengthen our exchanges with our foreign counterparts.”

The marine division was added to the PLA in the 1950s and then reinstated in the 1980s.

The PLA started with about 20,000 soldiers in the eastern city of Nanchang in an armed uprising on August 1, 1927, and has grown to around two million servicemen and women in the Army, Navy, Air Force, Rocket Force, and other services.

Growing from a revolutionary army that fought against foreign invaders and for the liberation of Chinese people and the nation, the PLA is taking a “crucial leap” in the new era from being simply large to being strong.

“We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernisation of our national defence and our forces is basically complete; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces,” said President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of Central Military Commission (CMC), in the report to the 19th CPC National Congress.

Under China’s national defence policy which is defensive in nature, the PLA faces the complex task of reforming itself to be more loyal, disciplined and combat-capable in peacetime.

In July this year, the PLA started recruiting “civilian personnel” to attract talent that are urgently needed.

The recruitment drive, approved by the CMC, is the first of its kind since deeper reform was introduced to the national defence and armed forces in late 2015.

Under the reform, military organisations were revamped, and the joint combat command mechanism was improved. The four military headquarters – staff, politics, logistics, and armaments – were reorganised into 15 agencies, while the seven military area commands were regrouped into five theatre commands.

In the meantime, the percentage of land forces’ personnel among the entire PLA was cut to less than half for the first time, and the new Rocket Force and the Strategic Support Force were established.

The number of PLA officers was also reduced by 30 percent, and hundreds of generals switched posts.

The PLA also saw rapid technological upgrading. In the past five years, China’s first domestically built aircraft carrier was launched; new transport aircraft and stealth jets were commissioned; and the latest missiles were unveiled.

In July last year, President Xi reviewed a massive military parade in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, attended by more than 12,000 service personnel with advanced weapons including stealth fighters and nuclear missiles on display.

In April, he reviewed the PLA Navy in the South China Sea, the largest of its kind in the People’s Republic of China since its founding in 1949. More than half of the vessels attending the review were commissioned after the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012.

“In just a few years, the PLA has been deeply transformed,” said He Xiaoming, daughter of He Long, late PLA Marshal who commanded the Nanchang Uprising.

With enhanced strategic and combat capacity, the PLA not only effectively defends China’s national interest but also plays an active role in international peacekeeping and humanitarian operations, contributing to regional stability and world peace.

Strengthening political loyalty has repeatedly been stressed over the past five years, with measures adopted to ensure the Party’s leadership and nurture the faith and integrity of officers and soldiers.

After the 19th CPC National Congress in October last year, the CMC released a guideline on the deep and comprehensive implementation of the system by which the chairman of the CMC has overall responsibility for the army. – Xinhua.